@劳动者 岁末年初求职换岗须慧眼辨“坑”******
@劳动者 求职换岗须慧眼辨“坑”
岁末年初,不少劳动者开始谋划新一年的工作,互联网招聘网站浏览量也开始增多。“保障就业”“高薪就业”的承诺可信吗?“工资没发,先交了一堆‘工杂费’”这事儿靠谱吗?招聘广告上的工资数额与实发工资不一样怎么办?近日,北京市第二中级人民法院发布典型案例,提醒劳动者求职应聘时,小心入坑。
岗前培训变成“培训贷”
徐某利用其经营的某软件公司、某信息公司,虚构招聘员工事实,在多个互联网招聘网站上发布招聘信息,主动邀请求职者进行面试,并虚假承诺高薪,后提出需要岗前培训,诱骗求职者签署培训协议,收取培训费用。徐某以保障就业为诱饵,使用签订培训及安置上岗协议的手段,诱骗应聘者贷款参加其公司的有偿培训,骗取应聘者贷款共600余万元。徐某因犯合同诈骗罪,被法院判处有期徒刑12年。
实践中,个别不法分子通过公司化运作、采用“招转培”模式等虚构招聘事实,诱骗劳动者贷款参加所谓的培训,骗取求职者缴纳手续费、培训费、违约金等费用。法官提醒,劳动者应理性对待用人单位招聘过程中的承诺,慎重对待各类“培训贷”。在发现被骗后,应第一时间报警,通过法律途径维护自身合法权益。
未上岗先交钱
2019年5月至7月间,邱某伙同刘某、张某等人,在北京市丰台区某大厦租用办公室,通过招聘网站以“某某集团”名义发布虚假招聘信息,诱骗应聘者来公司面试、签订试用期劳动合同,通过设置考试、考核等环节“刷人”,以收取被害人培训费、服装费、门禁卡费、违约金、烟钱等理由骗取应聘者钱财涉案金额8万余元。邱某等人以非法占有为目的,以虚假招工的方式,多次骗取他人财物,数额巨大,已构成诈骗罪,最后被法院以诈骗罪判处二年有期徒刑,并处罚金。
劳动合同法第九条规定,用人单位招用劳动者,不得扣押劳动者的居民身份证和其他证件,不得要求劳动者提供担保或者以其他名义向劳动者收取财物。第八十四条规定,用人单位违反本法规定,以担保或者其他名义向劳动者收取财物的,由劳动行政部门责令限期退还劳动者本人,并以每人500元以上2000元以下的标准处以罚款;给劳动者造成损害的,应当承担赔偿责任。
实践中,一些用人单位以各种名义向劳动者收取一定数额的钱款或财物,损害劳动者的合法权益。法官提示,劳动者需擦亮双眼,对用人单位巧立名目收取费用的行为勇敢说“不”,并可向人社部门投诉。遇不法分子以非法占有为目的、通过虚假招工方式骗取财物的,应及时向公安机关举报。
招聘广告不等于劳动合同
杨某自2019年9月2日入职某石化公司工作,其间某石化公司未为杨某缴纳社会保险。2020年3月11日,杨某以某石化公司未缴纳社会保险、未及时足额支付劳动报酬为由提出辞职。杨某申请劳动仲裁,要求某石化公司支付劳动报酬差额37800.95元、解除劳动合同应支付的经济补偿金10400.47元等。劳动仲裁部分支持其诉求后,杨某不服起诉到法院。
双方争议焦点为杨某的月工资收入。某石化公司提交2019年9月2日的劳动合同一份,其上约定月工资为3500元,杨某对该劳动合同的真实性不认可,主张其月工资为8500元,并提交招工简章原件及网站截图予以证实。某石化公司对上述证据的真实性不认可,认为无用人单位公章及相关负责人的签字,系单方证据,薪资待遇应按双方劳动合同的约定。
法院经审理认为,涉案劳动合同加盖某石化公司的公章,并有杨某的签字手印。经法院释明,杨某不申请笔迹鉴定,也未就该合同存在欺诈提供证据予以证实。用人单位的招聘广告在法律上只是一种要约邀请,并不具有劳动合同的法律效力,故杨某主张以月工资8500元的标准计算工资差额及经济补偿金,法院不予支持。法院最终按照3500元的标准判决某石化公司支付杨某解除劳动合同经济补偿。
民法典第四百七十三条规定,要约邀请是希望他人向自己发出要约的意思表示。拍卖公告、招标公告、招股说明书、债券募集办法、基金募集说明书、商业广告和宣传、寄送的价目表等为要约邀请。商业广告和宣传等为要约邀请。如其内容符合要约条件的,可以构成要约。
法官介绍,劳动者若要用人单位兑现招聘广告中的承诺,应该要求用人单位将招聘广告中的内容写入劳动合同中,以便维权时提供相应依据。在劳动合同履行过程中,劳动者应关注薪酬发放、社保缴纳等涉及自身重大利益的事项,是否与用人单位最初承诺一致,如不一致应及时与用人单位交涉,并注意保存相关证据,通过法律手段及时维权。
周倩
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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